5 Mar 11

[ English ]

So you want to wager on black-jack?

It’s a good game, and exciting, and you are able to win money as regularly in the event you play black jack using the correct methods and attitude.

First you have to understand the game, and then we will show you several basic guidelines to play black-jack that will aid you bet on and win so lets have started.

Chemin de fer Rules

The guidelines of twenty-one are fairly simple.

The croupier will deal you (all gamblers) two cards, and then the croupier gets two cards, one showing and hidden.

You may possibly think that the object of the casino game is to have as near to twenty one as you can (even a 21 with an ace and face card or ten, which is called Blackjack). This just isn’t the object of the game. The object is simply to beat the croupier.

After you’ve received your cards, you are able to ask for additional cards "hit", as numerous as you wish, just so long as you don’t bust (go over 21).

Black jack rules clearly state that the dealer must continue to hit until 17, and then stop. Ought to there be a tie; the dealer will win only if he had a real black-jack (an ace using a 10).

The Game of Black jack Acquiring the chances in your favor

The guidelines may be easy, but to bet on black-jack as the pros do, takes a number of work.

You see, the pro has to know all of the odds. The pro will know how to make the chances work in his favor and increase and decrease wager size according to the odds

Although some gambling establishments still use a single deck or double deck game, most casinos have use a shoe with 6 or from time to time 8 decks.

A good point to remember is that with multiple decks, the casino usually pays out at three to two. Generally produce certain you know the payout prior to you begin.

A few gambling houses will load the odds in their favor and pay out at 6:5, which will not be good at all.

Basic Blackjack Method

Just before you even start to wager on black jack, sit down and learn this basic technique

Were you dealt an ace? Yes? then

But if your second card is an eight or 9, then STAND.

But if your 2nd card is often a six or less, then Hit

In case your second card can be a seven, watch the croupier’s hand and decide

Had been you dealt a pair (of the same card but various suit)? Yes? Then:

If you’ve got a pair of 4s, five spades, 9s 10s, then SPLIT Anything else, do not SPLIT

Had been you dealt some thing else but a pair and an ace? Yes, then;

But if your cards equal 17 or far more, then STAND

If your cards equal eleven or much less: then Hit

If your cards equal 12 till 16; watch the dealer’s hand and make a decision

Three Unique FACTUAL Ideas

- The 52 card deck (or multiples) all have thirty % of the cards using the value of "ten"

- Always assume the croupier’s hidden card can be a 10.

The actual chances of are high. Also assume that whoever hits, you or the dealer, will receive a 10 far more times than you won’t.

- When a croupier’s has a six or much less showing, he must take at least one strike to obtain to 17.

That means that his odds of busting are HIGH. Occasionally you are going to do nicely to stand at 12!

Here we have given you the bare basics, but should you comply with them, you can wager on properly and only using a little disadvantage to the house and with a beneficial chance of winning.

To win persistently you need to!

Card count and all of the facts you need to put the percentages within your favor with card counting systems that can produce you money are contained in the comply with up article to this one.

Digest what you’ve got learned here on playing pontoon, then move to card counting and you are going to soon be winning consistently at Twenty-one.









4 Mar 11

[ English ]

Match up wager on 21 is simply an additional variance to black-jack and is extremely easy to choose up on. Even if you’ve got never bet pontoon just before you’ll find match up play 21 easy to learn and very fun. Like I said earlier, the rules of tie in with wager on 21 are extremely comparable to blackjack. Before the dealing the player makes a bet and is then dealt 2 cards face up by the dealer. If the players hand is closer to 21 than the dealer’s hand without going over then the player wins. I told you it was simple.

Here are a few other things to maintain in mind though betting match bet on twenty one. You bet on complement bet on 21 with 8 decks; all of the tens have been removed. Face cards are all worth ten points and aces are worth either 11 factors or one point, whichever helps your hand the most. Gamblers may well surrender half of their bet after doubling down. A gambler may well also double down on any number of cards.

Tie in with play 21 provides a far better payoff than standard pontoon. If you may have a five-card twenty one you payoff will likely be three to two, six-card twenty one might be two to one, 7 or more-card might be 3:1. All spades in a 6-7-8 or a seven, seven, seven gives a payoff of three to one though mixed suits shell out three to two and if they’re of the exact same suit they pay two to one.

Match play twenty one is quick to pick up on and can give you a higher spend off than typical blackjack. I you might be tired of standard chemin de fer then you should give match bet on 21 a shot.









1 Mar 11

[ English ]

Plyaing Black jack at a table in Vegas, Atlantics City, or even at a small rural gambling den may be an exciting and interesting experience whether or not you’ve never bet the casino game prior to or regardless of whether you are a seasoned professional. Nevertheless, for the very first timers, a night spent at the blackjack table isn’t usually lucrative, and usually ends with losing a sizable stack of chips. As they stumble through the basics of the casino game, their stack of chips gets smaller and smaller until it vanishes.

For the pros, the story is different. These are individuals who are so beneficial at wagering Chemin de fer that they’re generating money much faster than most amateurs lose it. What is an enjoyable except expensive recreation to others is another day at the office for a strategic player. How are they able to produce so much money whenever you are not? The answer is simple. They’ve mastered the straightforward rules of Black-jack system, and you have not.

The secret that the betting houses do not want you to find out is that it takes only a little bit of time and effort to discover these strategies yourself. Together with the proper guidance, you may swiftly understand all you ought to know to turn Black jack into a money making operation. That is because, if played nicely, the odds in Twenty-one truly favor the gambler, not the house. Gambling houses generate money on the game basically because most people today do not know tips on how to bet on Chemin de fer well.

Initial, you will need to know when to split, double down, and surrender. Surrendering will not be an choice at every casino, except it helps to know how to use it in case you uncover one where it is. If that sounded like Greek to you, do not worry. It is not as complicated as it sounds. Splitting, doubling down, and surrendering are options accessible to you, the Pontoon gambler, that will not be obtainable to the dealer. That means that you have got at least two weapons that he or she doesn’t have! That sounds pretty good, but of course these weapons are only useful once you know exactly when and how to make use of them.

To be able to really win at Blackjack, you’ll also should study something about counting cards. This is the part that the gambling establishments actually don’t want you to learn about, because if too several people figure out how you can do it, those folks will turn out to be such a draw on betting house resources that they chould change the face of modern gambling houses. Actually, most of today’s gambling houses are banking on the hope that you won’t count cards at all. Even so, since counting cards basically consists of paying attention, it just isn’t cheating, so there’s absolutely nothing they can do to stop you. You just have to continually be aware of what cards have already been dealt out. Again, using the right guidance, you may develop a method for keeping this info in your head. Then, using this data, you are able to make better guesses as to what cards you and the dealer are likely to be dealt, and you’ll be able to generate all your decisions accordingly. That’s seriously all there is to it. Together with the suitable stretegy, there’s absolutely nothing stopping you from making money hand over fist playing Blackjack!









28 Feb 11

How are your basic math skills, my friend? Come on, be honest. If you produced a point of snoozing through all those grindingly dull good school mathematics classes, you may perhaps really possess a beneficial reason to regret it, particularly in the event you like to bet on black-jack. This is because many online gamblers who enjoy the casino game of black-jack like to do a little bit far more than wager on the common version of the game. The basic object of drawing cards close sufficient to twenty one without busting can undergo quite a touch of complexity when the system of optimum blackjack is brought to bear. Optimum chemin de fer relies on a much more sophisticated mathematical method to the casino game, rather than some of the additional intuitive modes that players of normal pontoon are likely to employ.

The optimal version of black jack is based for the relative frequency of each count level, combined using the gambler advantage at every single count level. Each count level is derived from a basic coin toss involving a ‘biased coin.’ Under the aegis of optimum chemin de fer technique, the excellent betting method is found by assuming that no restrictions are created on the gambler’s bets. The gambler is free of charge to sit out unfavorable situations or to bet on a free of charge hand by conceptually wagering zero and receiving cards, except getting payoffs of "0" to correspond to the bet size of zero.

The great wagering technique is merely to wager "0" if the count indicates that the player’s benefit is negative, and to proceed with a normal wager when the count is favorable. Thus, as an example, if you have a three point three percent edge, you would bet 3.3% of your bankroll. With me so far? Excellent. Since the variance for pontoon is usually about one point two five, the proper wager will be about eighty percent of the bet size computed by the biased coin approximation.

You must be prepared to deal while using possibility that a number of constraints may be placed on the size of just about every wager. In this case, the betting strategy will have to be several than the optimum wagering system for ideal bets. The most common constraints found at a blackjack table are the table limits. A normal five dollar table will possess a $5 minimum wager and an five hundred dollars maximum wager. These table limits tend to interfere with perfect betting, in particular if the player is essential to wager at least the table minimum on each hand that’s dealt. Another example of constraints is when a player whose strategy involves card counting is forced to limit his or her wager spread to a few small range to be able to avoid detection. It’s customary to use a bet spread somewhere in the range of 2:1 to 8:1 for typical twenty-one games.

As you’ll be able to see, there’s fairly a touch of science required with the optimal approach to wagering in twenty-one, but all that work can yield substantial advantages when put into correct practice. Who said math cannot be fun? Now do not you wish you would have paid just a bit a lot more attention to the teacher in good school, rather than daydreaming about succeeding the huge football casino game and taking the prom queen out for a number of victory laps on your two-wheeler? Well, don’t beat yourself up as well much. It’s never as well late to learn, after all.









18 Feb 11

Pontoon is one of the most well-known gambling house games of all time. Its thrilling, fun, and can possibly bring in incredibly massive profits! Playing professional Twenty-one is something anyone can do. Succeeding is easy to do if you have the perfect strategies, and the appropriate plan.

In a lot of methods, succeeding Chemin de fer is easier to complete than succeeding Poker. Unlike Poker, you only have one opponent in Pontoon (the croupier). You will find also various scientific techniques proven to aid you win additional consistently over a long expression period.

Succeeding Blackjack requires control and patience. The fear of going bust causes many players to stand. This is particularly devastating when hitting would have been the correct choice to generate.

To win at Pontoon, you need to have a huge enough bankroll. A massive bankroll is your safety net in times of sustained losing streaks. If you don’t have sufficient money to survive a big losing streak, you’ve no chance of acquiring back into the game.

So quite a few times, gamblers have frustrated when they shed a few hands. Chasing losses by betting too much, which causes major losses, is how most players end up getting wiped out.

Winning Twenty-one really should be a lengthy phrase goal, not a short term one. Wagering is a losing casino game, however, a succeeding system isn’t wagering. A succeeding strategy turns a wager into a extended expression profit gain (because you are no longer gambling!). Remove the component of chance, put the odds in your favor, and you nearly cannot shed!

An intelligent system plus discipline equals extended term success at Black jack!









12 Feb 11

Of the card games that have been bet since 900 AD, black jack has arrive into existence only in the 18th century. Alternatively named as twenty one, the casino game is usually a new one and calls for a unique skill at the table. A vigilant eye, sharp memory along with a very good luck charm is usually of vital importance to come out a winning hand at the game of black jack. The casino game has gained popularity because of the ease with which it can be understood and wagered at house with the family members. It has been a part of the American picnic scenes and gatherings for a number of time now.

The object of the game is to gather enough cards to beat the hand of the dealer but not exceed the amount 21. The reason for its alternative name is also the same. The game of pontoon has not missed the netizen’s attention as well. There are lots of tutorial internet sites for understanding the casino game and also quite a few web-sites that provide software package modes to bet on the game within the computer. The on line casino game could be of many help to the beginners as they can understand the various tricks from around the world. The advances made in the field of online chemin de fer technology have been used to the benefit through the players in a lot of methods. Apart from the suggestions created because of the computer, the new player can remain unknown and save embarrassment in front of the stalwarts of the game. The apparent loss at the table might be of fantastic impact to the new gamblers. So it is suggested that the novice take it to the sites to play it in the beginning. The number of sites with the game is as well large to accommodate the numbers of people adding to the casino game everyday.

The laptop or computer processing is now a day used for generating the strategies for that casino game because of the researchers of the game. There are a number of tricks and deals created from the personal pc software package by which the players can find out and implement the game to their benefit. The simulation games for twenty-one give an array of outcomes with a certain set of cards. The list of such outcomes comes handy to the new player. These can be found on any famous and recognized web pages dedicated to the card casino game.

There are various tricks to wager on the casino game developed through the experienced players. Tracking the card deck and keeping the eye for the shuffle has been challenging but well-known tricks to maximize the winning odds. For the beginners the tricks is usually difficult to use as it calls for one to have a strong eye observation and lots of memory to keep in mind the deck movement. The casinos are hard places to use these tips as they use advanced shuffling devices. Also they insist on switching the deck often to avoid any sort of marking about the deck. Except then it often is often a game that is mastered with experience.

Although the game is famous, but the tournaments aren’t easy to find. The game is overshadowed by poker. When it comes to national and international tournaments. While playing in the casino the odds are truly low and the advantage to the player is really a mere 60 percent. Except the casino game has a policy to return the bets in form of prize money, which is a fantastic incentive to the gamblers.









11 Feb 11

Betting specialized black-jack betting is something all gamblers can do and also you to can earn major consistently when you know the best way to bet on and have a set plan.

Unlike poker, you don’t need to complete with other players, just the dealer and there are scientific strategies to assist you win which are proven to work lengthier term.

All you need to do to bet on specialist black-jack is comply with a number of uncomplicated guidelines ( some of them obvious and a few not so obvious ) and you also will likely be making large money speedily and persistently, even if you may have never played before, so right here they are:

Specialized blackjack what does it mean?

Wagering Specialist black jack, suggests you are not wagering for entertainment, you’re playing to win.

If you’ve got fun as a by product all well and beneficial, but your overriding aim would be to earn money and increase your bank roll.

Skilled chemin de fer have a plan

Becoming a expert indicates taking it seriously and having a plan.

This approach is your blueprint to secure and must be followed rigidly, to take you to your goal.

Here are a number of recommendations on getting a plan and implementing it with self-discipline, for a larger bankroll longer term.

Basics

Some basics are obvious, like learning the policies, basic technique and card counting.

Once you’ve learned and digested this material you have an edge around the casino and its now time to implement your program with discipline.

One of the most critical point Self-discipline

To bet on specialist black jack you must implement your plan with discipline and this implies:

No feelings coming into wager on, no breaking from the prepare, or deviating from the plan when you think that you are lucky.

You must rigidly adhere to your approach and only adjust bet size as your bankroll enables you to step up another level i.e in no way chase loses.

This is much far more difficult than it seems when feelings are on the line and money is extremely emotional subject. We all receive frustrated, elated, depressed or happy, depending on if we are winning or losing.

Professional pontoon players focus on the long term and ignore brief phrase fluctuations.

The odds are in your favour long name and short name swings in bank roll are inevitable Wager on with sufficient bankroll

Wager on with sufficient money that it is possible to lose more than numerous hundred hands you will need staying power so preserve this in mind when setting bank roll

Bet on only in casinos with favourable policies

You will find many casinos that provide a lot more favourable principles than others, so play in ones that give you the most effective edge.

Do not put the odds against you by betting with guidelines that give the casino a bigger edge around you than it needs to have.

Keep in mind a few casinos can hold an edge due to these principles and no matter how great your strategy is you won’t gain! This point is quite critical, so pick the casino you might be going to bet on in carefully.

A word about card counting

One of the most vital parts of being a specialized blackjack player is knowing how you can card count, therefore picking a beneficial solid technique is vitally important.

Our advice is select a program you will be comfortable with and this doesn’t necessarily mean a complicated one.

A simple one, executed with no errors is better than a complex one where you make errors.

Finally there’s no link between how complicated a system is and how successful it is!

Invest some time choosing a card counting program and make certain you test it in a dry run with no money to instil confidence.

So adhere to the above factors and you may make money at black jack lengthier term.

Several of the factors are expanded upon in our other articles as there may be limited space here.









11 Feb 11

[ English ]

The origins of blackjack are hotly debated more than all over the globe. A number of say it was played prior to Jesus Christ was born, others say it was a game developed right after the betting cards had been created some six hundred years ago. On thing is for certain though, the casino game has constantly evolved and is still doing so nowadays. If we appear online there are an ever changing amount of varying games to delight the player, frequently with superior odds than the unique.

A few say the casino game of Black-jack dates back to seven hundred BC in the course of the Roman occupancy of Europe. There is certainly no doubt that it was a several game back again then as playing cards have been not created until the mid fouteen hundreds. Nonetheless some argue that the Romans used to wager on with blacks of wood, each one with a different numerical value. If this is true then it’s very believable that the game might have dated back to this period in its simplest form. Right after all we know that gambling was rife at this time, with soldiers of the Roman Empire gambling anything from jewellery to wives and animals.

Fast forwarding several centuries, the origins of pontoon bet with playing cards as we know these days, may be traced back to the countries of either France or Italy through the 15th century. As mentioned previously the wagering cards that we know nowadays were created in the mid 15th century by John Guttenburg and many of the earlier games revolved around counting totals, comparable to what is necessary for blackjack.

You’ll find a number of games which are similar to pontoon but don’t mirror the game sufficient to warrant the title "the unique black jack game". Games this kind of as Punto Banco, an Italian casino game invented in fouteen ninety three is one such casino game that’s sometimes linked to the beginnings of twenty-one, as is usually a Spanish casino game regarded as "one … thirty". However neither truly resembles the casino game we know today as chemin de fer and so the search must be directed elsewhere.

So to France where there is certainly stronger evidence as to the origins of chemin de fer. In the eighteenth century a game regarded as twenty one was wagered by the French aristocracy. The casino game will be bet in rounds with gamblers trying to attain a score of 21. If the croupier achieved a score of twenty one however, he would be paid at 3-1. This could be the beginnings of the casino edge coming into wager on.

The casino game of twenty one moved to The United States in eighteen seventy five. It was initial wagered in the betting halls in 1910 keeping its original name of 21. Regrettably the casino game did not have quite a few takers to begin with and quite a few of the gambling halls made new bonus pay-outs for certain hands in an attempt to increase its recognition. The name Chemin de fer came about when quite a few betting halls offered a bonus payment to those payers who landed the hand ace of spades and the jack of clubs or spades. Regrettably the bonus did not last long except the name has stood the test of time.

By the 1930’s black jack had grow to be so popular that it had turn out to be the number 1 casino game in Las Vegas. Its popularity continues to grow right now with good rollers usually spending tens of millions on games at the super gambling dens of the United States of America.

The world wide web spelt a new era for pontoon with the introduction of web gambling establishments. Now players could like the game they loved so much in the comfort of their own house. Online gambling dens also added new versions of the authentic casino game this kind of as black-jack switch as well as the chance to be the dealer. Numerous of the new variants of the original casino game offer better odds for the gambler due to the lower running costs of the internet based operations. In essence there may be no greater time being a black-jack gambler.









9 Feb 11

[ English ]

When the little known professor of math, Edward Thorpe, composed his now classic book, "Beat the Dealer", the science of pontoon card counting was officially born.

So what’s blackjack card counting and how come it works? We will look at twenty-one card counting here along with a process any gambler will uncover easily to apply and win consistently.

Black-jack card counting … how to beat the croupier

Professor Thorpe proved that if you are able to follow what cards that have been wagered; it is possible to also determine what cards had been left in the deck.

Having this understanding can guide a gambler on how he really should bet on his hand to take benefits of the odds.

If the gambler could figure out that there had been additional cards left that favored himself (rather than the dealer), the player had an advantage and could raise the bet size to capitalize on his edge.

In blackjack card counting reduced cards favor the croupier and high cards favor the player.

The reason why?

Simply because the reduced cards assist the dealer to produce succeeding totals on his hands when he must "hit" (this means when he has a 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 value on his initial two cards, the principles say he must draw a card).

Superior cards in pontoon card counting favor the gambler not simply because they may possibly bust the croupier when he hits stiffs, but because both 10s and Aces mean blackjacks for the player.

Probability the key to chemin de fer card counting

In twenty-one card counting you aren’t needed to count the numbers of every of the individual cards to have an edge over the casino.

All you have to know is when the deck is rich or inadequate in superior cards.

Continue to keep the following in mind:

Black-jack card counters don’t memorize every card played.

Chemin de fer card counting won’t tell you what card is coming next.

Card counting is basically a probability theory that may turn the odds in the gamblers favor more than the long-term and this was the fact that Thorpe explored in "Beat The Dealer"

The way to count cards

All twenty-one card counting methods are structured upon blackjack basic strategy, that is easy to learn and until you do, you’ll find pre printed cards about the web totally free.

black-jack card counting the hi – lower technique

One really common method of pontoon card counting is called the Hi-Low System.

Here you’ll give a value of 1, zero, or -one to all the cards dealt to all players and the croupier.

Aces and ten-point cards are assigned a importance of -1. The range cards of seven, 8, 9 each count as zero. The number cards of two, 3, 4, 5, and six every single count as 1.

So, as the cards are dealt out, you continue to keep a working total. The higher the total, the deck will favor the player.

A gambler can then increase their wagers to take edge of better odds.

If the total is around the zero mark, nether the player or the dealer has the advantage. Retain the wagers in the average zone.

When the total enters the – (minus) assortment, the deck favors the dealer and you’ll want to be cautious with your bets.

The logic of blackjack card counting also says the much more cards which are dealt, the additional accurate your card counting will be.

Card counting and several decks

The casinos also know the above, so they implemented a multiple decks. Although black-jack card counting still works it is greater to wager on at a casino that uses less decks as the odds are better. If various decks are bet this really is how you count.

In case you know you’ll find six decks used, and start off counting, notice also the used cards and divide it by the decks remaining in the shoe.

If your value is four for instance, and there are 4 decks left, divide four by four and also you have 1 as your total.

Retain an eye on the running count

You also must don’t forget there is a "running value and true total" A working total could be the value regardless of the quantity of decks used, and also a true value will be the amount achieved following dividing the running total by the number of decks.

Don’t forget, anything in the range is going to be to your favor. Any value in the minus variety will favor the dealer.

With practice you are going to soon receive the hang of chemin de fer card counting, and start out winning!

You are going to be able to wager heavily when the odds are in your favor, except also retain in mind that as twenty-one card counting isn’t probability theory and you also have to bet on it for the longer term.

Short phrase results can vary but you can win big longer expression and thats the aim of pontoon card counting!









9 Feb 11

Eight Pontoon Tips to Win You Much more Money

You can, and will gain an benefit that can provide you with an edge in wagering for lengthy term consistent earnings, in case you make the needed effort by understanding the basic technique, card counting
and wager on to a predetermined plan.

Here are ten twenty-one tips to aid you win

1. Learn the Basic System

Statistically, there is one ideal action a player can make, for each of the hands he is dealt, against each and every up card the croupier holds. This is known as the Basic system, and all winning chemin de fer methods are based on it.

2. Handle Your Money Correctly

All black jack players will have losing periods and poor runs and so should handle their bankroll. A money management rule which is effective is to wager with one % of your bank roll. For example, if
you might have a bankroll of 2000 dollars, your betting size is 1 percent, or 20 dollars.

If you might be playing having a 1.5 % advantage around the house, (having a card counting strategy), the odds of dropping your entire bankroll are only 5 percent. It’s a mathematical certainty that you will hit a shedding run, so you must be ready to ride out those periods.

Three. Discover to Count Cards Using a Specific System

Most people who bet on blackjack don’t go beyond basic strategy. Nonetheless, for the serious gambler, it has been proven mathematically that by counting cards, you are able to in fact receive and
maintain a positive benefit over the casino. You are able to then maintain a working rely of, and work out the probability of, the undealt cards to come out of the deck. You will discover lots of diverse
counting systems and you must pick one that’s appropriate for you.

On the other hand, even a easy method provides you with an edge more than the gambling den.

Four. Estimate the Correct Matter

Once you know the operating matter, you might be then in a position to calculate the accurate count. The genuine count will be the running depend divided by the number of decks of undealt cards. The correct rely gives a far better indication of how favorable the remaining cards are than does the working be counted, and only needs to become calculated when you would like to perform an action i.e. betting.

5. Study to Adjust Your Bet Dimensions Based on the Correct Rely

As the accurate rely goes up, so should the wager size. As the true be counted goes down, the bet measurement ought to be decreased. You’ll lose more hands then you can win, so in order to produce money longer term, you ought to up your wager dimensions when the odds are favorable.

This tip could be the essential to winning huge in blackjack.

Six. Play with Favorable House Rules

The house rules dictate how much money you are able to expect to win in the long run. You therefore ought to look for favorable house rules to provide you with an extra edge.

7. State of Mind

If you might be seriously betting for money, generate sure that you are mentally alert and are concentrating fully. Don’t bet on whenever you have had a row with the wife, or have been drinking! You should be sharp and focused.

8. Discipline – The Crucial to Success

The final twenty-one tip for greater earnings is obvious: If you might have a strategy, you require discipline to implement it unemotionally, and stick with it even in shedding periods.

Without the self-discipline to implement your prepare, you don’t have one